POTTERY CERAMICS ERNST ROSENTHAL BRICK TO FINE CHINA

POTTERY AND CERAMICS BY ERNST ROSENTHAL 317 PAGES (PELICAN BOOKS A 201)

POTTERY AND CERAMICS
FROM COMMON BRICK TO FINE CHINA
ERNST ROSENTHAL

BOOK HAS 46 B & W PLATES

Preface to the Third Edition
THIS third edition incorporates essential details of the progress made by the ceramic industry since the manuscript of the first edition was written. The author's original plan, namely, to cover the whole field of ceramics, from common brick to fine china, in a pleasant, readable form, is maintained. The artist - and indeed all who love beautiful china - will find renewed interest in the chapter,' Pottery Decoration'. This has been re-written and enlarged. Practically all methods used in the decoration of pottery are included. Fifteen new illustrations, covering modern pottery and modern pottery machinery, are added and the latest figures relating to pottery export are incorporated.
A feature of previous editions of Pottery and Ceramics was a tour of typical ceramic factories - the Wedgwood factories in Barlaston, the insulator factories of Bullers in Milton, and the stoneware factories of Doulton in Erith. This section has been brought up to date to include improvements and modernizations carried through since the book was first written.
Recent research work on super-refractories and on other new materials, such as metal powder -ceramic powder combinations used in aircraft power plant construction, is described, and the book includes a new chapter covering the manufacture of refractories for the steel industry, based on a process of extraction from sea water, a recent development in this country.
Whilst on the subject of refractories, it should be pointed out that the present revised edition includes descriptions of one of the most modern factories in the world for producing refractory materials. These factories were not in existence when the first edition was written.

LIST OF CONTENTS
GENERAL REMARKS
The reader who wishes to obtain a short and vivid picture is advised firstly to read those sections below which are marked with asterisks and secondly to study the illustrations. In order to give a quick impression of the various branches of the cky ware industry the author describes five typical visits which he made recently. (Please refer to the relevant sections of Chapters 12, 13, 14, 16 and 19.) The reader can then study the remainder of the book at his leisure with very little loss of continuity.
The book falls into two sections:
Section I - Chapters i to 11 inclusive — deals with the subject of ceramics (pottery and other cky ware) in broad outline. Raw materials, kilns and other equipment, methods of manufacture, used for all or most types of clay ware, etc., are covered in a general manner.
Section II - Chapters 12 to 20 — deals with the various individual branches of the pottery and clay ware industry and the properties of the finished products. Special manufacturing methods - not covered by Section I - are described.
Cky Ware in the Home
1. * BRIEF HISTORY OF POTTERY   
Ancient Pottery    
Greek Pottery  
Roman Pottery    
Far Eastern Pottery     
Pottery in Continental Europe
British Pottery      
Early English Porcelain    
Modern Ceramics   
Mechanization in the Pottery Industry
2. * WHAT ARE CERAMICS? 
The Sub-division of ceramics
Alternative ckssification
White ware  
Ceramics in a wider sense
3.     CLAY   
* What is cky?   
Formation of cky  
Kaolin (or China Cky) 

* Why is day plastic and sand non-plastic?  
* Why a few drops of alkaline solution turn a stiff cky paste into a liquid slip  
Amount of water required for different consistencies
* Purifying clays    
Elutriation method  
* Why do plastic clays harden in drying? 
Versatility of cky  
* Behaviour of cky when heated above room temperature Firing shrinkage of cky 
* Notes on materials found with cky
*       Feldspar   
Lime   
Magnesia
Iron compounds    
*       Silica 
Primary ckys  
Secondary ckys   
4.     COMPOSITION OF BODIES   
Preparation of raw materials     
Preparation of bodies
Body preparation using cky in pkstic state Body preparation using dry cky  
Body preparation using clay slips       
5. * SHAPING PROCESSES Throwing   
Hand moulding Jollying      Extrusion     Pressing      Turning     Slip casting
6. * DRYING AND DRYERS  
General
Types of Dryers     
Continuous dryers   
Infra-red drying      
High frequency drying
7.     FIRING 
Ckssification of kilns  
Intermittent up-draught kilns    
Down-draught intermittent kilns
Continuous kiln for bricks and refractories Continuous runnel ovens

8. TEMPERATURE RECORDING
Seger cones  
Butter's rings  
Measuring temperature
9. SETTING OR PLACING THE WARE IN KILNS    
Open setting    
10. GLAZES  
Frits   
Action of the glaze on the ceramic body 
Matt and crystal glazes
11. CERAMIC COLOURS AND DECORATION
* Under-glaze colours    
* On-glaze colours   
* Application of colours to pottery
12. BRICKS AND TILES 
Main types of ware     
Bricks        
Manufacture of common bricks 
General arrangement of brick works  
* Visit to the Stewartby Works of the London Brick Co. Hollow clay building bricks Facing bricks  
Vitrified bricks 
Tiles   
Roofing tiles     
13. REFRACTORIES 
Fireclay Ware
Aluminous refractory goods   
Silica bricks    
Sillimanite and Kyanite ware   
Magnesite 
* Refractories for the Steel Industry extracted from Sea
Water   
Chromite bricks    
Silicon carbide (carborundum ware) 
Carbon (or graphite) refractories 
* Pure oxide refractories 
* A Visit to the new Neston Works of Morgan Crucible Company Ltd
14. STONEWARE    
Raw materials    
Preparation ot stoneware bodies  
Forming of stoneware    
Stoneware floor tiles      
Stoneware pipes
Raw materials and manufacture
Chemical stoneware       
Drying         

Firing and salt glazing or stoneware  
Special stoneware bodies      
Electrical stoneware     
Stoneware vases and statues 
•Visit to Messrs Doulton's Works at Erith
15.     EARTHENWARE AND FAIENCE Fine earthenware    
Glazed wall tiles      
16.     PORCELAIN AND CHINA  
Types of porcelain
Raw materials 
Hard porcelain
Kilns  
Bone China
Manufacture of bone china bodies 
* Visit to the all-electric factory of Josiah Wedgwood
& Son Ltd, Barlaston      
«   American hotel china  
American household china  
17.     SANITARY WARE    
Earthenware
Fireclay     
Vitreous china
Shaping and firing of sanitary ware  
18.     INSULATOR PORCELAIN     
Firing of Porcelain insulators      
Technical characteristics of porcelain 
Mechanical characteristics of porcelain 
High-voltage transmission line insulators 
19.     Low Loss CERAMICS    
Steatite - clinoenstatite bodies    
Composition of clinoenstatite bodies    
Properties of two typical clinoenstatite bodies 
Cordierite bodies   
Rutile bodies   
Magnesium orthotitanate bodies
Ultra-high permittivity ceramics
Zircon porcelains    
* Visit to Messrs Buller's works at Milton 
20.     SUPER REFRACTORIES  AND CERAMIC METAL   COMBINATIONS IN AIRCRAFT POWER PL ANT CONSTRUCTION 
APPENDIX:       
Exports of the British Pottery Industry
GLOSSARY     
INDEX